RP-HPLC法测定辣椒中辣椒碱的含量

目的:建立以反相高效液相色谱法测定辣椒中辣椒碱含量的方法。方法:色谱柱为Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(45∶55,pH2.6),流速为1.0mL·min-1,柱温为40℃,检测波长为281nm。结果:辣椒碱检测浓度在30～70mg·L-1范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好线性关系(r=0.9999);平均加样回收率为101.33%,RSD=1.57%(n=9)。结论:本方法操作简便、快速,结果准确,可用于辣椒中辣椒碱的含量测定。     

HPLC法测定辣椒中碱性橙的含量

目的:建立辣椒中碱性橙的HPLC测定方法。方法:选择HPLC法测定辣椒中碱性橙的理想色谱条件,并测定辣椒中碱性橙的含量及加标回收率,作方法学论证。结果:碱性橙在0.40~100.00μg/ml的范围内,线性良好,线性方程y=3.80e+004x+6.09+003,r2=0.9999。碱性橙最低检出浓度为0.32 mg/L。样品添加浓度为0.40~30.00 mg/kg时,方法回收率为91.5%~108.5%。结论:以HPLC法检测非法添加于辣椒中碱性橙的含量,操作简便、定量准确可靠。     

云南省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒病区镇雄县玉米和辣椒含氟量调查

目的 调查云南省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒(简称地氟病)病区镇雄县玉米、辣椒含氟量,以及经燃煤、拌煤黏土长期烘烤后其含氟量变化,为有效降低氟摄入提供科学依据.方法 2010年1-5月,在云南省选择镇雄县以勒、乌峰松林湾、塘房、乌峰五谷4个地氟病病区和非病区大理市下关作为观察地区,每个地区采集新鲜玉米和辣椒各10份,每份样品分别在新鲜,烘烤或晾晒10 d、4个月时采用酸浸/电位法测定其含氟量.结果 大理市下关,镇雄县以勒、乌峰松林湾、塘房、乌峰五谷5个观察地区新鲜玉米含氟量分别为(1.31±0.13)、(1.65±0.64)、(1.92±0.37)、(2.32±0.49)、(1.98±0.66)mg/kg,地区间比较差异有统计学意义(H=27.871,P＜0.05),处理4个月时含氟量分别为(1.82±0.17)、(26.43±12.03)、(39.27±8.09)、(14.27±4.37)、(14.33±1.73)mg/kg,均明显高于相同地区对应的新鲜玉米含氟量(P均＜0.05),且处理4个月时,不同观察地区玉米含氟量比较差异有统计学意义(H=42.512,P＜0.05).大理市下关,镇雄县以勒、乌峰松林湾、塘房4个观察地区新鲜辣椒含氟量分别为(3.34±1.08)、(3.44±0.55)、(3.47±0.74)、(3.46±0.93)mg/kg,地区间比较差异无统计学意义(F=0.052,P＞0.05);处理4个月时含氟量分别为(7.01±1.64)、(226.07±83.69)、(179.36±148.37)、(54.51±34.67)mg/kg,均明显高于相同地区对应的新鲜辣椒含氟量(P均＜0.05),且处理4个月时不同观察地区间辣椒含氟量比较差异有统计学意义(H=28.822,P＜0.05).结论 云南省燃煤污染型地氟病病区镇雄县玉米、辣椒经农户用燃煤、拌煤黏土烘烤后含氟量明显增高.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the com and pepper fluorine in Zhenxiong county of Yunnan province, as well as the change of com and pepper fluorine after baked by coal, clay-mixed with cual for a relatively long-term, in order to provide a scientific basis for reducing fluorine intake. Methods The endemic areas of Yile, Wufeng's Songlinwan, Tangfang and Wufeng's Wugu in Zhenxiong county, and a non-endemic area Xiaguan in Dali city were selected as study sites. Ten samples of fresh corn and pepper were collected in each region, and fluorine was determined using acid leaching/potentiometry freshly and after baking or drying for 10 days or 4 months, respectively. Results The fluorine content of local fresh corn in Xiaguan of Dali city and Yile,Wufeng's Songlinwan, Tangfang, Wufeng's Wugu in Zhenxiong county were (1.31 ± 0.13),(1.65 ± 0.64),(1.92 ±0.37), (2.32 ± 0.49), (1.98 ± 0.66)mg/kg, respectively, and there were statistically significant differences across the regions(H = 27.871, P ＜ 0.05). The fluorine content of corn samples after baking or drying for 4 months were ( 1.82 ± 0.17), (26.43 ± 12.03), (39.27 ± 8.09), ( 14.27 ± 4.37), ( 14.33 ± 1.73)mg/kg, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the fresh com in the corresponding region(all P ＜ 0.05 ), and there were statistically significant differences across the regions(H = 42.512, P＜ 0.05). The fluorine content of the local fresh chili were (3.34 ± 1.08), (3.44 ± 0.55), (3.47 ± 0.74), (3.46 ± 0.93)mg/kg, respectively, in the 4 observed places in Xiaguan of Dali city and Yile, Wufeng's Songlinwan, Tangfang in Zhenxiong county, and there were no statistically significant differences across the regions (F = 0.052, P ＞ 0.05 ). The fluorine content of pepper samples after baking or drying for 4 months were (7.01 ± 1.64), (226.07 ± 83.69), (179.36 ± 148.37), (54.51 ± 34.67)mg/kg,respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the fresh pepper in the corresponding region(all P ＜ 0.05 ),and there were statistically significant differences across the regions(H = 28.822, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Corn and chili fluorine is significantly increased after baked with coal and clay-mixed with coal by farmers in Zhenxiong county, a coal- burning borne endemic fluorosis area of Yunnan province.     

一测多评法测定藏药小米辣中3种辣椒碱的含量

目的：建立藏药小米辣中3种辣椒碱类化学成分含量测定的一测多评法,探讨一测多评法在民族药质量控制中的应用。方法：采用超高压液相色谱法,使用Waters ACQUITY BEH C18（2.1 mm×100mm,1.7 μm）色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-水（50︰50）,流速：0.2 mL·min^-1,柱温30℃,检测波长280 nm,进样量1 μL。以辣椒素为内参物,分别建立二氢辣椒素、降二氢辣椒素相对于辣椒素的相对校正因子,分别采用外标法和一测多评法测定3种辣椒碱的含量,并通过相对标准偏差（RSD）和Pearson系数比较二者结果的相对误差。结果：降二氢辣椒素、辣椒素、二氢辣椒素进样量分别在2.21~22.1 ng、8.96~89.6 ng、3.75~37.5 ng范围内线性关系良好;降二氢辣椒素和二氢辣椒素相对于辣椒素的相对校正因子分别为0.970和1.159;且在不同实验条件下重现性良好（RSD < 3.0%）;一测多评法的计算结果与外标法测得结果无显著差异。10批不同产地小米辣样品中降二氢辣椒素、辣椒素和二氢辣椒素的含量范围分别为0.0281%~0.0534%、0.258%~0.389%和0.115%~0.209%。结论：建立的一测多评法可作为小米辣中3种辣椒碱类化学成分的含量测定方法,一测多评法为民族药质量控制提供了一个新的模式与方法。     

Dietary red chilli (Capsicum frutescens L.) is insulinotropic rather than hypoglycemic in type 2 diabetes model of rats

The present study was conducted to clarify whether a low or a high, but tolerable, dietary dose of red chilli (RC) can ameliorate the diabetes related complications in a high-fat (HF) diet-fed streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes model of rats. Five-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were fed a HF diet for 2 weeks then randomly divided into four groups namely: normal control (NC), diabetic control (DBC), red chilli low (RCL, 0.5%) and red chilli high (RCH, 2.0%) groups. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of STZ (40 mg/kg BW) in all groups except the NC group. After 4 weeks feeding of experimental diets, the fasting blood glucose concentrations in both RC fed groups were not significantly different. The serum insulin concentration was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the RCH group compared with the DBC and RCL groups. Blood HbA1c, liver weight, liver glycogen and serum lipids were not influenced by the feeding of RC-containing diets. The data of this study suggest that 2% dietary RC is insulinotropic rather than hypoglycemic at least in this experimental condition.     

Saponin rich fractions from Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce with more potential hypoglycemic effects

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Peppers from Capsicum species (Solanaceae) are native to Central and South America, and are commonly used as food and also for a broad variety of medicinal applications.

Aim of the study

The red pepper Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum is widely consumed in Brazil, but there are few reports in the literature of studies on its chemical composition and biological properties. In this study the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Capsicum baccatum were evaluated and the total phenolic compounds and flavonoid contents were determined.

Materials and methods

The antioxidant property was assayed by scavenging abilities using DPPH and the anti-inflammatory activity was tested through the carrageenan-induced pleurisy model in mice. The total phenolic compounds and flavonoid contents were determined spectrophotometrically.

Results

The ethanolic and butanol extracts (200 mg/kg, p.o.) presented a significant anti-inflammatory activity toward carrageenan-induced pleurisy model in mice in comparison to dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.). Among the parameters evaluated, the treatment with these samples inhibited leukocyte migration and reduced the formation of exudate. The contents of flavonoids and total phenolic compounds could be correlated with the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities observed for Capsicum baccatum.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that Capsicum baccatum contains potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds which could be tested as drug candidates against oxidative and inflammation-related pathological processes in medicinal chemistry studies.     

Capsicum spray injury of the eye

We report a case of moderate-grade chemical injury to an eye following exposure to capsicum spray. A 75-year-old man presented with chemical injury to the conjunctiva and cornea following exposure to capsicum spray. The corneal epithelial defect healed in 2 weeks following the initiation of medical treatment. His unaided visual acuity had improved to 6/18 (6/9 with pinhole) after 6 weeks. Such a case illustrates that the safety of the commercially available capsicum sprays should be assessed before marketing as they may cause serious injury to the eye.     

HPLC法测定辣椒风湿膏中辣椒素的含量

目的:建立辣椒风湿膏中辣椒素的含量测定方法.方法:选用C18柱,稀磷酸(PH=3.1～3.5)溶液-乙腈(50:50)为流动相,检测波长207nm.结果:此方法线性关系良好,平均加样回收率为98.1%,RSD为0.84%(n=5).结论:方法简便,结果准确,灵敏度高,重复性好,可用于辣椒风湿膏的质量控制.     

气相色谱法测定辣椒风湿膏中薄荷脑与冰片的含量

目的建立辣椒风湿膏中薄荷脑与冰片的含量测定方法。方法采用气相色谱法,用水蒸气蒸馏法提取薄荷脑、冰片,以萘作为内标物,使用PEG20M色谱柱,用氢火焰离子检测器检测。结果通过方法学考察,薄荷脑在1.008μg～5.042μg范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为95.9%(n=5)。冰片在1.008μg～5.040μg范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为96.0%(n=5)。结论方法简便、准确、重现性好、精密度高。可用于控制辣椒风湿膏的质量。